The difference between wave washers and wave springs

When selecting spring components for a mechanical assembly, it is critical to understand how wave spring washers and wave springs differ.

Both types of springs perform important roles in managing loads. However, they are designed to serve different functions, and each has its own specific benefits. 

Here, we define these components and explain their value to help users make an informed choice on the best components to suit their needs. 

What are wave washers?

Sometimes referred to as a wave spring washer, a wave washer is a metal fastener with a curved ring shape. It’s defining characteristic is its wavy and sinusoidal design that helps it serve as a flexible spring.

Manufactured from metal sheets, wave washers are stamped or punched out. Their simple curved design has a fixed number of waves. They have a lower load capacity than wave springs, and as a result, are used for minor preload maintenance, spacing and application where only light shock absorption is required.

Due to material constraints and the stamping process used in their production, wave washers also offer less precise load distribution compared to wave springs.

What are wave springs?

Wave springs are a specific type of compression spring. They are made from flat wire that has been pre-hardened and then formed to have a continuous wave-like pattern. They are widely available with both multi-turn and single-turn configurations.

Their design lets wave springs work like a true compression spring, providing tight load tolerances and higher deflection ranges. In terms of load capacity, compared to wave washers, they offer more predictable load control across a wide range of deflections.

The advantages wave springs offer often sees them replace more standard round-wire coil springs in a range of applications, including heavy bearing preloads, compact spaces, clutches and mechanical seals. 

Why choose wave springs over wave washers?

Wave springs are a better choice over wave washers in applications that require higher thrust capacity, tighter load tolerances and more repeatable and predictable force control in a mechanical assembly.

For high-quality components like wave springs and wave spring washers, connect with our knowledgeable team at SpringXpert today.